Frame Relay Switch Configuration
To be sure, whether in the laboratory or elsewhere, frame relay switches are very useful equipment. Just like the boot register, the setting of the frame relay switch is also one of the very profound contents in the router setting. Learning how to configure a frame relay switch can build many different network models. Since we are "service providers", we must be able to distribute those DLCIs that are completely consistent with those provided by M & T or MCI. By establishing an accurate network model in the laboratory, it not only increases the confidence of installing the network, but also reduces the probability of configuration errors or equipment problems. This section will focus on how to configure a Cisco router as a frame relay switch. In essence, frame relay switching technology is a kind of frame switching technology based on data link connection identification (DLCI). In the router's Frame Relay ARP table, the DLCI number is associated with the interface. Frame Relay uses its ARP table to check the pairing between the DLCI and the interface to decide whether to send the data frame from a specific interface. The Frame Relay switch is first a DCE device, that is to say:
· Any of its models require at least 3 routers: one for the switch, and the other two use the switch to communicate with each other.
· The serial interface of the frame switch requires a DCE cable.
Here, you need to define some commonly used terms for Frame Relay:
· Permanent virtual circuit (PVC)-refers to the end-to-end permanent logic circuit used for frame transmission. The endpoints of PVC are addressed with DLCI.
· Data-Link connecTIonidenTIon Data Link Connection Identification (DLCI) refers to a logical number used to identify the PVC between the customer premises equipment (CPE) and the frame relay switch, from 16 to 1007. In most cases, DLCI only makes sense locally, that is, only local devices know what DLCI stands for. For the same central site, there may be two PVCs at the far end with the same DLCI number.
· Local Management interface (LMI)-refers to the signaling standard between routers and frame relay switches. The switch uses LMI to determine which DLCIs have been defined and their current status. LMI also supports a keephve mechanism every 10 seconds to confirm whether PVC is activated or whether data is being exchanged. Cisco routers support three types of LMI: Cisco, ansi, and q933a. The router can decide which type of LMI to use for communication through free negotiation:-Cisco is the LMI type defined by the three major giants of the network: Cisco, digital and NonhemTclecom, the default type after automatic negotiation fails, and its status The information is sent via DLCI1023.
-A11si is an LMI type defined by the ANSI T1.617 standard commonly referred to as Annex D. This is the most common type in all Frame Relay networks, and its LMI status information is sent via DLCI 0.
——Q933a is an LMI type defined by ITU Q.933 (also called Annex A), and its status information is sent through DLCI 0.
· Network to Network Interface (NNI)-NNI is a standard for communication between two switches, both used in frames
It is also used in ATM after the switch. In ATM, NNI is called the network node interface.
When configuring a Frame Relay switch, you must complete the following operations:
Step 1 starts the frame relay switching function.
Step 2 Set the LMI interface type and frame relay interface type.
Step 3 Use the fra1ne-relay route command to set up the PVC.
In this example, two terminal devices or routers are used and a frame relay switch is configured. Before starting
It is helpful to make a copy of the PVC chart. In the chart, need to include DCE, PVC and interface diagram. The diagram of this example is given, and the network is emphasized from the perspective of hardware and service providers. The middle Frame Relay switch has two V.35 DCE cables for connecting two other routers R1 and R2. Both routers are connected to the V35DTE male cable at their serial ports O. Set the PVC to map DLCI 101 on serial port 0 to DLCI 102 on serial port 5.
After making this chart, the first step in configuring a Frame Relay switch is to guide Frame Relay switching, which can be done with the global configuration command frame-reIay switching. Then, set up the serial port for frame relay switching and use the encapsulaTIon frame-reIay command to encapsulate the data format into frame relay. In addition, you also need to use the frame-felayLmi type [ansi | Cisco | q993a] command at the interface prompt to set the LMI type. Subsequently, the frame-relay intf-type command should be used. Since the interface is DCE, the clock rate bit / s command is required to set the baud rate, where the bit / s value can be from 1200 to 8000000. Finally, the command frame-relay route [16-1007] inbound_DLCI interface outbound_serial_interface [16-1007] outbount_DLCI can generate a PVC on the interface and map it to another interface. The following example demonstrates the usage of these commands and the basic configuration method of frame relay switch
frame_switch #
frame_switch # conf t
Enten configuraTIon commandso, ne per 1ine. End with CNTL / 2.
frame_switch {config) #f rame-relay switching
frame_switch (config) #interface serial O
frame_sv / itch (conifg-if) #encapsulation frame-relay
frame_switch (config-if) # frame-relay intf-type dce
fname_switch (config-if) # frame-relay lmi-type ansi
frame_switch (config-if) #clock rate 56000
frame_switch (config-if) # frame-relay route 1Ot interface s5 102
frame_switch (config-if) #exit
fname_switch (config-if) #
fname_switch (config) #interface serial 5
fname_switch (config-if) #encapsulation f rame-relay
frame_switch (config-if) # frame-relay intf-type ctce
frame_switch (config-if) #clock rate 56000
frame_switch (config-1f) # frame-relay route 102 interface sO 101
frame_switch (config-if) #exit
frame_swi.tch (config-if) #
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